Types of Cleaning Pigs:

1. Mandrel Pigs: Solid, cylindrical pigs with cups or discs that seal against the pipeline wall.
2. Sponge Pigs: Porous, sponge-like pigs that absorb liquids and remove debris.
3. Foam Pigs: Lightweight, foam-like pigs that remove debris and liquids.
4. Brush Pigs: Pigs with brushes or bristles that scrub the pipeline wall.
5. Cup Pigs: Pigs with cups or discs that seal against the pipeline wall.

Functions of Cleaning Pigs:

1. Debris Removal: Removing debris, such as sediment, rust, and scale.
2. Liquid Removal: Removing liquids, such as water, oil, and chemicals.
3. Pipeline Inspection: Inspecting pipelines for damage, corrosion, and other defects.
4. Pipeline Maintenance: Maintaining pipeline integrity by removing contaminants and debris.

Benefits of Cleaning Pigs:

1. Improved Pipeline Efficiency: Cleaning pigs help maintain pipeline flow rates and reduce pressure drops.
2. Extended Pipeline Life: Regular cleaning helps prevent corrosion and damage, extending pipeline life.
3. Reduced Maintenance Costs: Cleaning pigs can reduce the need for costly repairs and maintenance.
4. Enhanced Safety: Cleaning pigs help prevent pipeline accidents and spills by removing hazardous materials.

Industries Using Cleaning Pigs:

1. Oil and Gas: Cleaning pigs are used to maintain pipelines transporting crude oil, natural gas, and petroleum products.
2. Chemical Processing: Cleaning pigs are used to maintain pipelines transporting chemicals and other hazardous materials.
3. Power Generation: Cleaning pigs are used to maintain pipelines transporting fuels, such as coal and natural gas.
4. Water Treatment: Cleaning pigs are used to maintain pipelines transporting water and wastewater.

General Specifications:

1. Diameter: 2-48 inches (50-1200 mm)
2. Length: 10-100 feet (3-30 meters)
3. Material: Steel, stainless steel, or polyurethane
4. Weight: 10-500 pounds (4.5-227 kg)

Design Specifications:

1. Cup or Disc Type: Available in various types, such as cups, discs, or brushes
2. Sealing System: Available in various types, such as O-rings, gaskets, or mechanical seals
3. Bypass System: Available in various types, such as manual or automatic bypass valves
4. Propulsion System: Available in various types, such as pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric propulsion

Performance Specifications:

1. Operating Pressure: Up to 10,000 psi (689 bar)
2. Operating Temperature: -20°C to 200°C (-4°F to 392°F)
3. Flow Rate: Up to 10,000 barrels per day (1,589 cubic meters per day)
4. Cleaning Efficiency: Up to 99% removal of debris and contaminants

Certifications and Compliance:

1. API 6D: Specification for Pipeline Valves
2. API 5L: Specification for Line Pipe
3. ASME B31.4: Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids
4. PED 2014/68/EU: Pressure Equipment Directive

Inspection and Testing:

1. Visual Inspection: Visual examination of the pig for damage or defects
2. Dimensional Inspection: Measurement of the pig’s dimensions to ensure compliance with specifications
3. Pressure Testing: Testing of the pig’s sealing system and bypass system under pressure
4. Performance Testing: Testing of the pig’s cleaning efficiency and flow rate under simulated operating conditions.

Material specifications for Cleaning Pigs:

Body and Cups/Discs:

1. Carbon Steel: ASTM A36, A516 Gr. 70, or API 5L Gr. B
2. Stainless Steel: ASTM A240 TP304, TP316, or TP321
3. Alloy Steel: ASTM A182 F11, F22, or F91

Bypass and Propulsion Systems:

1. Stainless Steel: ASTM A240 TP304, TP316, or TP321
2. Brass: ASTM B21, B26, or B98
3. Aluminum: ASTM B209, B210, or B211

Seals and Gaskets:

1. Nitrile (NBR): ASTM D2000, Class BF
2. Fluorocarbon (FKM): ASTM D2000, Class BG
3. Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM): ASTM D2000, Class BA

Coatings and Linings:

1. Epoxy Coating: ASTM D3960, Class 1
2. Polyurethane Coating: ASTM D3960, Class 2
3. Ceramic Lining: ASTM C658, Class 1